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Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I’m Sam.
大家好。这里是 BBC 学习英语栏目的六分钟英语。我是萨姆。
And I’m Neil.
我是内尔。
Recently I met up with an old school friend who I hadn’t seen for years. We talked for hours…
最近，我遇到了一位多年未见的老同学。我们聊了好几个小时……
It sounds like you had a good chinwag – a long and pleasant conversation between friends, which is great because in this programme we’re talking about talking.
听起来你们好好聊了聊——朋友间愉快的长谈，这很不错，因为在今天的节目中我们要谈的是说话。
We’ll be discussing conversations – the exchange of ideas, thoughts and feelings that happens when people talk to each other.
我们将讨论交谈——人们相互交谈时，观点、思想和感情的交流。
And as usual we’ll be learning some new vocabulary as well.
和往常一样，我们也会学习一些新词汇。
With the rise of Twitter and social media, which encourages us to give our opinion on a subject without always listening in return, some think the art of conversation is being lost.
推特等社交媒体的兴起鼓励我们围绕一个话题发表自己的意见，不必总是倾听回应，而一些人认为交谈的艺术正在消失。
But luckily, there are still millions of us who love to talk, chat, chinwag and chatter away.
但幸运的是，我们仍然有数百万人喜欢交谈、聊天、闲聊、喋喋不休。
In fact, in 2012 a competition in Latvia broke the world record for the longest telephone conversation.
事实上，2012年在拉脱维亚举行的一场比赛打破了世界最长电话通话的纪录。
So, Neil, my question is this: how long did this record-breaking conversation last? Was it:
尼尔，我的问题是: 这次破纪录的对话持续了多长时间? 那么是:
a) 24 hours and 4 minutes? b) 54 hours and 4 minutes? or, c) 84 hours and 4 minutes?
A) 24小时4分钟? B) 54小时4分钟? 还是c) 84小时4分钟?
Hmmm, I’ll guess a) 24 hours and 4 minutes, after which they probably fell asleep!
嗯，我猜是 a) 24小时4分钟，通完话后他们可能就睡着了!
OK, Neil, I’ll reveal the correct answer later in the programme.
好的，尼尔，稍后我将在节目中揭晓正确答案。
During a long career, DJ and BBC radio presenter, Nihal Arthanayake, has had conversations with hundreds of people.
DJ兼BBC电台主持人尼哈尔·阿尔萨纳亚克在漫长的职业生涯中，曾与数百人进行过交谈。
Now he’s used these experiences to write a book entitled, ‘Let's Talk: How to Have Better Conversations’.
现在，他利用这些经历撰写了一本书，标题为《让我们谈谈:如何进行更好的对话》。
Here Nihal tells another radio presenter, Michael Rosen, of BBC Radio 4’s, Word of Mouth, about the influence of his mother who also loved talking to people in her job as a nurse:
在这里，尼哈尔向BBC广播四台“口口相传”栏目的另一位广播主持人迈克尔·罗森讲述了他母亲的影响，他的母亲是一名护士，她也喜欢在工作中与人交谈。
Well, it gave me the sense that you are enriched by listening.
嗯，这让我觉得你通过倾听充实了自我。
And this was of course, pre-social media which has of course encouraged us to project - to transmit - more than receive.
当然，前社交媒体时期鼓励我们投射--传播，而非接收。
So it meant that I guess I was conscious of experiences of others, and wanted to try and understand them.
所以，这意味着我以为我了解了别人的经历，想要尝试和理解他们。
Also, partially, Michael, it was a survival instinct because I was a little brown boy in a predominantly white school, a state school in the 1980s.
另外，迈克尔，在一定程度上，这也是一种生存本能，因为我当时是一个深肤色的小男孩，就读于一所白人为主的学校，那是20世纪80年代的一所公立学校。
For Nihal, good conversation involves listening as much as speaking.
对尼哈尔来说，良好的交谈既包括说，也包括听。
By listening we find out things about the person we are talking to which, in turn, help us understand ourselves.
通过倾听，我们可以了解到交谈对象的情况，进而帮助我们了解自我。
This is why Nihal says we are enriched by listening – we are improved by having something else added.
这就是为什么尼哈尔说，我们通过倾听得到充实——我们通过添加一些其他东西而得到提高。
As a British Asian boy growing up in a white community, Nihal also thinks conversation was a way for him to make friends and find protection.
作为一个在白人社区长大的英国亚裔男孩，尼哈尔也认为交谈是结交朋友和寻求保护的一种方式。
He says having conversations was a survival instinct - the human instinct to do something in a dangerous situation that will keep them safe from harm.
他说，交谈是一种生存本能——在危险的情况下做些事情来保护自己免受伤害的人类本能。
Nihal sees an important difference between ‘listening simply to reply’, and ‘listening to understand’.
尼哈尔发现了“为回复而倾听”与“为理解而倾听”之间的一个重要区别。
When we ‘listen to reply’, we are thinking about the next thing we want to say more than trying to understand the other person’s point of view.
当我们处于“为回复而倾听”的状态时，我们更多的是在考虑我们想说的下一件事，而不是试图理解他人的观点。
‘Listening to understand’, on the other hand, helps build bridges - improve relationships between people who are very different or do not like each other.
另一方面，“为理解而倾听”有助于建立桥梁——改善两个截然不同者或互相讨厌者之间的关系。
Here’s Nihal again in conversation with BBC Radio 4’s, Word of Mouth:
以下是尼哈尔在BBC广播4台的《口口相传》节目中的对话:
So conversation can build bridges, and it is proven through history that conversation has, and that conversation can be seen as an art form, and that's one of the things that I want us to understand – it's not just tittle tattle, it's not just shouting at each other on social media, it's not two politicians talking over each other.
因此，交谈可以搭建桥梁，历史证明，交谈可以被视为一种艺术形式，这是我想让大家明白的一点--这不仅仅是扯闲篇，不仅仅是社交媒体上的互撕，也不是两个政客间的抢话。
Good conversation brings people together, unlike tittle-tattle - talk about other people's lives that is usually unkind, disapproving, or untrue.
优质谈话会把人们聚集在一起，不像说闲话——谈论别人的生活，通常是不友善的、不喜欢的，或是不真实的。
And good conversation involves taking turns, not talking over someone – trying to silence people by talking more loudly, forcefully, and persistently than them.
优质谈话包括轮流发言，而非抢着说话——试着比他人更大声、更有力、更持久地说话，从而使他们安静下来。
Hopefully, Nihal’s tips can help us all have better conversations, encounter new ideas and make friends.
希望尼哈尔的建议能帮助我们进行更好的交谈，邂逅新思想、结交朋友。
So, Sam, did you do any of these things when you met up with your old school friend?
萨姆，你去见你的老同学时做过这些事吗?
I think so. We both listened to each other, there was no tittle-tattle but a little bit of gossip.
我想是这样。我们俩都会彼此倾听，不会嚼舌根，只聊了一点八卦。
Before we knew it a couple of hours had passed - but not as much time as those record-breaking telephone conversations I mentioned earlier.
不知不觉几个小时就过去了——但没有我前面提到的那些破纪录的电话交谈时间那么长。
Ah yes, in your question you asked how long the world’s longest telephone conversation lasted.
是的，在问题中，你问世界上最长的电话通话持续了多长时间。
It guessed it was an incredible 24 hours and 4 minutes… was I right?
我猜这是令人难以置信的24小时零4分钟，我猜对了吗?
Well, Neil, I’m afraid that was… the wrong answer.
尼尔，恐怕你回答错了。
In fact, the record-breaking conversation lasted 54 hours and 4 minutes - about the same as 540 programmes of 6 Minute English!
事实上，这个破纪录的对话持续了54小时4分钟，大约相当于540个6分钟英语节目!
Wow! OK, let’s recap the vocabulary we’ve learned from this programme on the art of good conversations, starting with chinwag – a long and pleasant conversation between friends.
哇! 好的，让我们回顾一下我们在这期节目--《好好交谈的艺术》中学到的词汇，首先是闲谈--指的是朋友间愉快的长谈。
When something is enriched, it’s improved by having something else added to it.
某物得到丰富，指的是通过添加其他东西而得到提高。
The survival instinct is the basic instinct in humans and animals to do something in a dangerous situation that will keep them alive.
生存本能是人类和动物在危险的情况下采取行动以维持生存的本能。
If you build bridges, you improve relationships between people who are very different or do not like each other.
如果你建立了桥梁，你就改善了两个截然不同者或互相讨厌者之间的关系。
Tittle-tattle is talk about other people's lives that is usually unkind, disapproving, or untrue.
闲话是指谈论别人的生活，通常是不友善的，不赞成的，或不真实的。
And finally, if you talk over someone, you silence or drown them out by talking more loudly than them.
最后，如果你抢某人的话，你会用比他们更大声的话语来让他们安静或盖过他们的声音。
That’s the end of our conversation, but remember to join us soon for more trending topics and useful vocabulary. Bye for now!
我们的交谈到此结束，别忘了尽快加入我们，了解更多热门话题和有用词汇。再见!
Goodbye!
再见!
