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We are witnessing the highest levels of human displacement on record, and it will only increase.
我们正目睹着流离失所者正在创下有记录以来的最高水平，而且数量只会增加。
In 2020, refugees around the world exceeded 100 million, tripling since 2010, and half were children.
2020年，世界各地的难民超过1亿人，是2010年的三倍，其中一半是儿童。
This means one in every 78 people on earth has been forced to flee.
这意味着地球上每78人中就有一人被迫四处逃离。
Registered refugees represent only a fraction of those forced to leave their homes due to war or disaster.
登记在册的难民只占因战争或灾难而被迫离家的难民的一小部分。
In addition to these, 350 million people are undocumented worldwide, an astonishing 22 million in the US alone, the UN High Commissioner for Refugees estimates.
除此之外，联合国难民事务高级专员估计，全球有3.5亿人没有合法身份，仅在美国就有2200万。
These include informal workers and those who move along ancient routes crossing national borders – these are the people who increasingly find themselves without legal recognition, living on the margins, unable to benefit from social support systems.
这些人包括非正式工人以及那些沿着古道跨越国界的人——他们越来越发现自己得不到法律承认，生活在边缘地带，无法从社会扶持系统中获益。
As long as 4.2 billion people live in poverty and the income gap between the global north and south continues to grow, people will have to move – and those living in climate-impacted regions will be disproportionately affected.
只要有42亿人生活在贫困中，且全球南北之间的收入差距继续扩大，人们就不得不迁移——那些受气候影响的人将会受到不成比例的影响。
Nations have an obligation to offer asylum to refugees, but under the legal definition of the refugee, written in the 1951 Refugee Convention, this does not include those who have to leave their home because of climate crisis.
各国有义务为难民提供庇护，但根据1951年《难民公约》中对难民的法律定义，这并不包括那些因气候危机而不得不离家的人。
Things are beginning to shift, though.
尽管如此，情况开始发生了变化。
In a landmark judgment, in 2020, the UN Human Rights Committee ruled that climate refugees cannot be sent home, meaning that a state would be in breach of its human rights obligations if it returns someone to a country where – due to the climate crisis – their life is in danger.
2020年，联合国人权委员会在一项具有里程碑意义的判决中裁定，气候难民不能被遣返回国，这意味着如果一个国家将某人遣返至一个因气候危机而威胁生命的国家，那么该国就违反了人权义务。
However, the rulings of the committee are not internationally binding.
然而，该委员会的裁决并不具有国际约束力。
Today, the 50 million climate-displaced people already outnumber those fleeing political persecution.
如今，有5000万因气候变化而流离失所的人，这类人已经超过了逃离政治迫害的人。
The distinction between refugees and economic migrants is rarely a straightforward one, and further complicated by the climate crisis.
很少能直截了当地区分难民和经济移民，而气候危机进一步复杂化了这一点。
While the dramatic devastation of a hurricane erasing whole villages can make refugees of people overnight, more often the impacts of climate breakdown on people’s lives are gradual – another poor harvest or another season of unbearable heat, which becomes the catalyst/crisis that pushes people to seek better locations.
一场飓风将整个村庄夷为平地，这带来的巨大破坏可以使人们一夜之间成为难民，然而，气候恶化对人们生活的影响往往是渐进的—— 又遇一场粮食歉收或又逢一个难以忍受的高温季节，这成为推动人们寻找更好落脚点的诱因，同样也是紧要关头。
This should give the world time to adapt to the mass migrations to come – that ultimate climate adaptation.
应该给世人时间来适应即将到来的大规模迁徙——最终走向气候适应。
But instead, as environments grow ever more deadly, the world’s wealthiest countries spend more on militarising their borders – creating a climate “wall” – than they do on the climate emergency.
但相反，随着环境变得越来越难以生存，世界上最富有的国家在边境军事化上的支出——创建一堵气候“墙”——比他们在气候紧急情况上的支出更多。
We must be alert to “climate nationalists” who want to reinforce the unequal allocation of our planet’s safer lands.
我们必须警惕“气候民族主义者”，他们想要加强对地球安全土地分配的不平等。
