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Recently, a high school teacher in California’s San Francisco Bay area moved out of a small apartment that she shared and into her own place.
最近，加利福尼亚州旧金山湾区的一名高中教师搬出了与人合租的小公寓，搬进了自己的住处。
For 41-year-old Lisa Raskin, a San Francisco native, this was once an impossible dream.
对于41岁的旧金山人丽莎·拉斯金来说，这曾经是一个不可能实现的梦想。
In the city of San Francisco, property is very costly.
在旧金山市，房价很高。
Rent payments are high.
房租很高。
And there is resistance to new housing.
而且，新建住房也面临阻力。
But now, Raskin pays $1,500 a month for a one-bedroom apartment.
但现在，拉斯金每月要为一套一居室公寓支付1500美元。
And her new home is within walking distance of her job.
她的新家离她工作的地方很近。
She told the Associated Press, or AP, “I have a sense of community, which I think is more valuable than anything else. More districts really need to consider this model. I think it shows educators that they value them.”
她告诉美联社，“我有一种社区意识，我认为这比其他任何事情都更重要。更多的地区真的需要考虑这种模式。我认为这向教育工作者表明了他们对其很重视。”
Her employer is a 4,000-student school district south of San Francisco.
她的雇主是旧金山南部一个有4000名学生的学区。
In May, that district made 122 apartments available for its teachers and workers.
今年5月，该学区为教师和员工提供了122套公寓。
Experts are calling it “workforce housing.”
专家称之为“劳动力住房”。
It is rare, but workforce housing is appearing in other parts of the U.S.
这种情况很少见，但美国其他地区也出现了劳动力住房。
In the state of West Virginia in a town called Welch, the American Federation of Teachers, AFT, recently helped to open a building with apartments and shops for teachers.
在西弗吉尼亚州的韦尔奇镇，美国教师联合会最近帮助为教师开发了一栋包含公寓和商店的大楼。
Welch officials say they hope the housing and shopping complex will bring economic development to the town.
韦尔奇镇的官员表示，他们希望住房和购物建筑群将促进该镇的经济发展。
Teachers were traveling “hours and hours to get to school and back,” said Randi Weingarten.
兰迪·温加滕说，老师们“往返学校要花好几个小时。”
She is the AFT labor union president.
她是美国教师联合会的工会主席。
The Jefferson Union High School District in Daly City, California also supplies workforce housing for teachers and workers.
加利福尼亚州戴利市的杰斐逊联合高中学区也为教师和员工提供劳动力住房。
“It’s like a great gift coming from the district,” said math teacher Eleonor Obedoza.
数学老师埃利奥诺·奥贝多扎说：“这就像是来自学区的一份很棒的礼物。”
She was speaking about the new three-bedroom apartment that her family rents.
她说的是她家租的那套新的三居室公寓。
Jeff Vincent is co-founder and director of the Center for Cities & Schools at the University of California, Berkeley.
杰夫·文森特是加州大学伯克利分校城市与学校中心的联合创始人和主任。
Vincent said workforce housing is rare.
文森特说，劳动力住房很少见。
But, he expects more school districts to explore offering affordable housing.
但是，他预计会有更多的学区将会探讨提供负担得起的住房。
He said, when teachers live in the communities where they work, they can get to know students and families better.
他说，当教师生活在他们工作的社区时，他们可以更好地了解学生和家人。
Currently in many parts of the U.S., there is a lack of teachers and affordable housing.
目前，在美国的许多地区，教师和负担得起的住房都很缺乏。
So, some school districts want to find and keep educators by offering them workforce housing.
因此，一些学区希望通过为教育工作者提供住房来寻找并留住他们。
They could serve as a model for other school districts in the country.
他们可以作为全国其他学区的范例。
But such projects also face problems.
但这类项目也面临着问题。
Some people living in the districts do not want affordable housing for teachers and workers.
一些居住在这些地区的人不想为教师和员工提供负担得起的住房。
Vincent said there are those who question “whether schools should be doing this with their land.”
文森特说，有些人质疑“学校是否应该在他们的土地上这样做。”
About one fourth of the 500 employees at Jefferson Union High School District were leaving every year.
杰斐逊联合高中学区的500名员工中，每年约有四分之一的人离职。
The district could not keep teachers from moving to schools that could pay more.
该学区无法阻止教师去往薪资更高的学校。
So in the school year starting in 2017, officials came up with a plan to find and keep teachers.
因此，在2017年学年伊始，官员们提出了一项寻找和留住教师的计划。
This plan included a $75 million housing complex for teachers and workers.
该计划包括为教师和员工建造一个价值7500万美元的住宅区。
It was paid for in part by a $30 million bond measure approved by voters in 2018.
部分资金是由2018年选民赞成的3000万美元的债券措施提供的。
That means the local government borrowed the money.
这意味着当地政府借了这笔钱。
But the district also has a bigger plan.
但该学区还有一个更大的计划。
It wants to lease school property for a 1,200-unit complex that would mix shops and restaurants with housing.
它希望把学校地产租赁出去，建一个拥有1200单元的建筑群，该建筑群将把商店、餐馆和住房融合在一起。
The housing would be sold at full market price.
这些房子将以市场价格出售。
The district says this plan would also create enough money to increase teacher pay.
该学区表示，这项计划还将创造足够的资金来增加教师工资。
However, the Sierra Club’s local office and others oppose the plan.
然而，塞拉俱乐部的当地办公室和其他人反对这一计划。
The environmental organization wants more housing at below-market rents and taller buildings to preserve more open space.
该环保组织希望以低于市场的租金建造更多住房，建造更高的建筑，以保留更多的开放空间。
“It’s terrible the schools have to come up with schemes to build housing to pay teachers,” said Gladwyn d’Souza, a member of the Sierra Club.
塞拉俱乐部成员Gladwyn d’Souza表示：“学校不得不提出建造住房的计划来支付教师工资，这太可怕了。”
She supports workforce housing.
她支持劳动力住房。
But she said there should be more affordable homes for everyone.
但她表示，应该为每个人提供更多负担得起的住房。
People living at the school district workforce housing complex can stay up to five years.
居住在学区劳动力住宅区的人可以住长达五年。
After that time, they might have saved enough money for a down payment on a house.
在那之后，他们可能已经存了足够的钱来支付房子的首付。
But houses are also becoming more costly to buy.
但购房成本也变得越来越高。
In 2016, the real estate company Redfin released a study.
2016年，房地产公司Redfin发布了一项调查结果。
It found that an average teacher’s salary of $62,800 could pay for only 20 percent of homes for sale in major U.S. cities.
调查发现，教师的平均工资为6.28万美元，只能支付美国主要城市20%的待售房屋。
That percentage was down from 34 percent in 2012.
这一比例低于2012年的34%。
California lawmakers in 2016 made it easier for districts to build workforce housing on school property.
2016年，加州立法者让学区更容易在学校用地上建造劳动力住房。
Five workforce housing complexes currently exist in Los Angeles, Santa Clara, and San Mateo county school districts.
洛杉矶、圣克拉拉和圣马特奥县学区目前有5个劳动力住宅区。
This summer, San Francisco Unified School District plans to start building a 135-unit complex for educators.
今年夏天，旧金山联合学区计划开始为教育工作者建造一个有135个单元的建筑群。
It could be ready in 2024 — two years behind later than planned.
它可能在2024年完工——比原计划晚了两年。
Cassondra Curiel is president of United Educators of San Francisco, a labor rights group.
卡桑德拉·库里尔是劳工权利组织旧金山联合教育者组织的主席。
She told the AP, “It was a fight to get it…And it’ll be great for those folks who get in there.”
她告诉美联社：“这是一场争取……的斗争。对于那些进入那里的人来说，这将是一件很好的事情。”
But she added, “…It’s not enough.”
但她补充道：“……这还不够。
Melissa Kallstrom is the mother of a student in a San Francisco area school district.
梅丽莎·卡尔斯特罗姆是旧金山地区学区一名学生的母亲。
She does not object to new homes for educators.
她并不反对为教育工作者提供新家。
But she objects to plans to tear up the community garden.
但她反对拆除社区花园的计划。
She and others say the garden provides rare green space.
她和其他人说，这个花园提供了难得的绿地。
Lisa Raskin, who teaches health and social science, understands that change is difficult.
教授健康和社会科学的丽莎·拉斯金明白，改变是困难的。
She grew up in San Francisco’s Mission District.
她在旧金山的教会区长大。
It used to be a working-class neighborhood.
那里曾经是工人阶级居住的社区。
Now, it is too costly for her to live there by herself.
如今，她一个人住在那里太贵了。
During the pandemic, Raskin moved out of her mother’s house to share an apartment with a friend.
在疫情期间，拉斯金搬出了母亲的家，与一位朋友合租了一套公寓。
But the living space was small.
但居住空间很小。
Raskin said the chance to move into a place of her own was like hitting the jackpot, or winning a big prize.
拉斯金说，有机会搬进自己的房间就像中了大奖。
“This is mine,” she said.
她说：“这是我的”。
I’m Anna Matteo. And I’m Jill Robbins.
安娜·马特奥、吉尔·罗宾斯为您共同播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
