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Sri Lanka is facing its worst crisis in recent memory.
斯里兰卡正面临着近年来最严重的危机。
The prime minister of Sri Lanka, Ranil Wickremesinghe, said the nation's efforts to negotiate a bailout with the International Monetary Fund (IMF) have been delayed by the severity of its financial crisis.
斯里兰卡总理拉尼尔·维克勒马辛哈表示，由于严重的金融危机，斯里兰卡与国际货币基金组织进行财政援助谈判的计划被推迟了。
But Sri Lanka does not have the only economy that is in serious trouble as prices for food, fuel, and other necessities have greatly increased with the war in Ukraine.
但因为随着乌克兰战争的爆发，食品、燃料和其他必需品的价格大幅上涨，所以斯里兰卡并不是唯一一个陷入严重困境的经济体。
Countries including Afghanistan, Argentina, Egypt, Laos, Lebanon, Myanmar, Pakistan, Turkey, and Zimbabwe are facing their own economic crises.
包括阿富汗、阿根廷、埃及、老挝、黎巴嫩、缅甸、巴基斯坦、土耳其和津巴布韦在内的国家都面临着自己的经济危机。
It is estimated that about 1.6 billion people in 94 countries face a crisis involving food, energy or their financial systems.
据估计，94个国家的约16亿人面临着涉及食品、能源或金融系统的危机。
A report last month by the Global Crisis Response Group of the United Nations Secretary-General said about 1.2 billion people live in "perfect-storm" countries.
联合国秘书长全球危机应对小组上个月发布的一份报告称，约有12亿人生活在经济陷入“完美风暴”的国家。
That is a term meaning individuals living in those countries are at a high risk of crisis from rising costs and other long-term problems.
这个术语的意思是生活在这些国家的个人因成本上升和其他长期问题而面临危机高风险。
Each country has its own problems.
每个国家都有自己的问题。
But they all share rising risks from inflation.
但它们都面临着不断加大的通胀风险。
Observers say some costs have been driven higher by Russia's war with Ukraine.
观察人士表示，俄乌战争推高了一些成本。
The World Bank estimates that per capita incomes in developing countries this year will be five percent below levels before the COVID-19 pandemic.
世界银行估计，今年发展中国家的人均收入将比新冠疫情爆发前低5%。
Economic problems are also fueling protests.
经济问题也加剧了抗议活动。
Short-term, high interest borrowing, because of the pandemic, increased debt for countries already struggling to meet loan payments.
由于疫情，短期高息借款增加了本已难以偿还贷款的国家的债务。
The U.N. says more than half of the world's poorest countries are experiencing or risk facing debt problems.
联合国表示，全球超过一半的最贫穷国家正在经历或面临债务问题。
Here are a few of the countries facing severe economic problems:
以下是一些面临严重经济问题的国家：
About two of five Argentines are poor and Argentina's central bank is running low on foreign financial holdings for international trade.
大约五分之二的阿根廷人是穷人，阿根廷央行持有的用于国际贸易的海外金融资产越来越少。
The country's money, the peso, continues to lose value.
该国的货币，比索，继续贬值。
Inflation is expected to go over 70 percent this year.
预计今年的通货膨胀率将超过70%。
Millions of Argentines survive because of soup kitchens and state financial support programs.
数百万阿根廷人靠施舍所和国家财政支持计划生存下来。
Many of those programs are run by powerful social organizations linked to the ruling party.
其中许多项目都是由与执政党有关联的强大社会组织运营的。
Critics say the recent agreement the country made with the IMF to restructure $44 billion in debt could slow any recovery.
批评人士表示，该国最近与国际货币基金组织达成的重组440亿美元的债务协议可能会延缓经济复苏。
The Lebanese people are experiencing a crisis similar to the one in Sri Lanka.
黎巴嫩人民正在经历一场与斯里兰卡危机类似的危机。
The value of the nation's money has collapsed.
这个国家的货币贬值了。
There are shortages of necessities, high inflation, growing hunger, long lines for fuel, and a greatly weakened middle class.
那里生活必需品短缺、通货膨胀率高、饥饿人口日益增长、购买燃料的队伍长、中产阶级的力量也大大削弱。
Like Sri Lanka, Lebanon suffered a long civil war and its recovery has been restricted by government disagreement and terror attacks.
与斯里兰卡一样，黎巴嫩也经历了漫长的内战，其经济复苏也受到政府分歧和恐怖袭击的限制。
Proposed taxes in late 2019 increased anger against leaders and led to months of protests.
2019年底提出的税收政策增加了人们对领导人的愤怒，导致了持续数月的抗议活动。
The nation's money, or currency, began to sink in value and Lebanon could not pay back loans totaling nearly $90 billion at the time.
黎巴嫩的货币开始贬值，黎巴嫩当时无法偿还总计近900亿美元的贷款。
Lebanon's debt is estimated to be 170 percent bigger than the value of all the goods and services it produces in a year, its GDP.
据估计，黎巴嫩的债务比其一年生产的所有商品和服务的价值——国内生产总值——高出170%。
By June 2021, the currency had lost nearly 90 percent of its value.
到2021年6月，该国货币贬值近90%。
The World Bank said the crisis was one of the worst the world has seen in more than 150 years.
世界银行表示，这场危机是150多年来世界上最严重的危机之一。
Turkey is facing difficult economic conditions as the country has a trade deficit and investment money is flowing out of the country.
由于贸易逆差和投资资金流失，土耳其正面临着艰难的经济状况。
Turkey is seeing high and rising debt, inflation of over 60 percent, and high unemployment.
土耳其的债务居高不下且还在不断增加，通货膨胀率超过60%，失业率也居高不下。
The Central Bank started using foreign financial holdings to avoid a currency crisis.
中央银行开始利用外国金融资产来避免货币危机。
That was after the local currency, the lira, fell to all-time low values compared to the U.S. dollar and euro in late 2021.
在此之前，该国货币，里拉，兑美元和欧元的汇率在2021年底跌至历史低点。
Tax cuts and government payments for low fuel prices have weakened government finances.
减税和政府对燃料的补贴削弱了政府的财力。
Families are struggling to buy food and other goods.
各家各户在购买食物和其他商品上都有困难。
Turkey's foreign debt is equal to about 54 percent of its GDP.
土耳其的外债约相当于其国内生产总值的54%。
That level is too high to continue, considering the government's high debt.
考虑到政府的高额债务，这一水平太高而无法持续下去。
I'm Gregory Stachel.
格雷戈里·施塔赫尔为您播报。
译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
